Vegetables and Pulses
Pea PI 180693 – Root Rot Resistance
NPGS ACCESSION PI 180693 LAUNCHES MULTIPLE DISEASE RESISTANCE BREEDING IN PEA
Clarice J. Coyne; Marilyn L. Warburton; and Gayle M. Volk
USDA-ARS Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research Unit, 201 Clark Hall, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164.
USDA-ARS Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research Unit, 201 Clark Hall, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164.
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S Mason St, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521.
Corresponding author<EMAIL_ADDRESS>OUTLINE
1. SUMMARY
Aphanomyces root rot, a devastating oomycete (a fungal-like protist) pathogen, causes up to 100% yield loss in peas. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) accession PI 180693, a landrace maintained by the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) unit in Pullman, Washington, was found to have resistance to this and other diseases. Genetic resistance from this accession was bred into improved cultivated backgrounds and released to the breeding community for both Aphanomyces root rot and Fusarium root rot. Genetic mapping populations designed to pinpoint chromosomal regions holding genes for disease resistance were developed from PI 180693 and PI 180693-derived lines; these populations enabled the discovery of major resistant genes for both Aphanomyces and Fusarium root rots.
The goal was to release pea germplasm with tolerance or resistance to Aphanomyces root rot, Fusarium root rot, and Fusarium wilt.
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2. PROBLEMS ADDRESSED
Peas grown in the field are particularly susceptible to fungal and oomycete rots, especially those attacking roots such as Aphanomyces root rot and Fusarium root rot. These diseases can cause total yield loss, and it is recommended to take peas out of rotation for 4 to 8 years when a field is badly infected. This greatly diminishes the value of peas in crop rotations with cereals, presenting a major problem for the many growing areas in the United States that have few other economically feasible rotation options available.
3. SOLUTIONS DEVELOPED
PI 180693, a pea landrace accession maintained by the NPGS genebank unit in Pullman, Washington, was identified as a source of resistance to Aphanomyces root rot by Kraft (1992). A succession of improved breeding lines for the U.S. dry and fresh pea markets were released containing genes from PI 180693 conferring resistance to Aphanomyces eutiches root rot as well as resistance for Fusarium solani root rot (Kraft, 1992; Kraft & Coffman, 2000; Coyne et al., 2008; McGee et al., 2012) and Fusarium wilt (Kraft & Coffman, 2000).
A major gene providing increased resistance to Aphanomyces root rot was identified from NPGS genebank accession PI 180693 and verified in new lines bred from parent PI 557501 (derived from PI 180693) and a susceptible parent (Hamon et al., 2011; 2013; Lavaud et al., 2015). The first high density SN