Review Questions
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. The papillary layer of the dermis is most closely associated with which layer of the epidermis?
a stratum spinosum
b stratum corneum
c stratum granulosum
d stratum basale
2. Langerhans cells are commonly found in the ________.
a stratum spinosum
b stratum corneum
c stratum granulosum
d stratum basale
3. The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of ________.
a melanocytes
b keratinocytes
c connective tissue
d adipose tissue
4. Collagen lends ________ to the skin.
a elasticity
b structure
c color
d UV protection
5. Which of the following is not a function of the hypodermis?
a protects underlying organs
b helps maintain body temperature
c source of blood vessels in the epidermis
d a site to long-term energy storage
6. In response to stimuli from the sympathetic nervous system, the arrector pili ________.
a are glands on the skin surface
b can lead to excessive sweating
c are responsible for goose bumps
d secrete sebum
7. The hair matrix contains ________.
a the hair follicle
b the hair shaft
c the glassy membrane
d a layer of basal cells
8. Eccrine sweat glands ________.
a are present on hair
b are present in the skin throughout the body and produce watery sweat
c produce sebum
d act as a moisturizer
9. Sebaceous glands ________.
a are a type of sweat gland
b are associated with hair follicles
c may function in response to touch
d release a watery solution of salt and metabolic waste
10. Similar to the hair, nails grow continuously throughout our lives. Which of the following is furthest from the nail growth center?
a nail bed
b hyponychium
c nail root
d eponychium
11. In humans, exposure of the skin to sunlight is required for ________.
a vitamin D synthesis
b arteriole constriction
c folate production
d thermoregulation
12. One of the functions of the integumentary system is protection. Which of the following does not directly contribute to that function?
a stratum lucidum
b desmosomes
c folic acid synthesis
d Merkel cells
13. An individual using a sharp knife notices a small amount of blood where he just cut himself. Which of the following layers of skin did he have to cut into in order to bleed?
a stratum corneum
b stratum basale
c papillary dermis
d stratum granulosum
14. As you are walking down the beach, you see a dead, dry, shriveled-up fish. Which layer of your epidermis keeps you from drying out?
a stratum corneum
b stratum basale
c stratum spinosum
d stratum granulosum
15. If you cut yourself and bacteria enter the wound, which of the following cells would help get rid of the bacteria?
a Merkel cells
b keratinocytes
c Langerhans cells
d melanocytes
16. In general, skin cancers ________.
a are easily treatable and not a major health concern
b occur due to poor hygiene
c can be reduced by limiting exposure to the sun
d affect only the epidermis
17. Bedsores ________.
a can be treated with topical moisturizers
b can result from deep massages
c are preventable by eliminating pres