Review Questions
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. If anabolic reactions exceed catabolic reactions, the result will be ________.
a weight loss
b weight gain
c metabolic rate change
d development of disease
3. When NAD becomes NADH, the coenzyme has been ________.
a reduced
b oxidized
c metabolized
d hydrolyzed
4. Anabolic reactions use energy by ________.
a turning ADP into ATP
b removing a phosphate group from ATP
c producing heat
d breaking down molecules into smaller parts
5. Glycolysis results in the production of two ________ molecules from a single molecule of glucose. In the absence of ________, the end product of glycolysis is ________.
a acetyl CoA, pyruvate, lactate
b ATP, carbon, pyruvate
c pyruvate, oxygen, lactate
d pyruvate, carbon, acetyl CoA
6. The Krebs cycle converts ________ through a cycle of reactions. In the process, ATP, ________, and ________ are produced.
a acetyl CoA; FAD, NAD
b acetyl CoA; FADH2; NADH
c pyruvate; NAD; FADH2
d pyruvate; oxygen; oxaloacetate
7. Which pathway produces the most ATP molecules?
a lactic acid fermentation
b the Krebs cycle
c the electron transport chain
d glycolysis
8. Aerobic cellular respiration results in the production of these two products.
a NADH and FADH2
b ATP and pyruvate
c ATP and glucose
d ATP and H2O
9. When NAD+ becomes NADH, the coenzyme has been ________.
a reduced
b oxidized
c metabolized
d hydrolyzed
10.Lipids in the diet can be ________.
a broken down into energy for the body
b stored as triglycerides for later use
c converted into acetyl CoA
d all of the above
11.The gallbladder provides ________ that aid(s) in transport of lipids across the intestinal membrane.
a lipases
b cholesterol
c proteins
d bile salts
12.Triglycerides are transported by chylomicrons because ________.
a they cannot move easily in the blood stream because they are fat based, while the blood is water based
b they are too small to move by themselves
c the chylomicrons contain enzymes they need for anabolism
d they cannot fit across the intestinal membrane
13.Which molecule produces the most ATP?
a carbohydrates
b FADH2
c triglycerides
d NADH
14. Which molecules can enter the Krebs cycle?
a chylomicrons
b acetyl CoA
c monoglycerides
d ketone bodies
15. Acetyl CoA can be converted to all of the following except ________.
a ketone bodies
b fatty acids
c polysaccharides
d triglycerides
16. Digestion of proteins begins in the ________ where ________ and ________ mix with food to break down protein into ________.
a stomach; amylase; HCl; amino acids
b mouth; pepsin; HCl; fatty acids
c stomach; lipase; HCl; amino acids
d stomach; pepsin; HCl; amino acids
17. Amino acids are needed to ________.
a build new proteins
b serve as fat stores
c supply energy for the cell
d create red blood cells
18. If an amino acid is not used to create new proteins, it can be ________.
a converted to acetyl CoA
b converted to glucose or ketones
c converted to nitrogen
d stored to be used later
19. Starvation sets in after 3 to 4 days without f