Chapter 8 Key Terms and Assessments (49/39) -- Western Civilization II

Chapter 8 Key Terms and Assessments Key Terms Balfour Declaration a 1917 statement by British foreign secretary Alfred Balfour publicly supporting the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine Beer Hall Putsch a 1923 attempt by Adolf Hitler and his followers to take over the city of Munich collectivization the taking over of agriculture by a national government fascism a political movement focused on transforming citizens into committed nationalists striving for unity and racial purity to remedy a perceived national decline Five-Year Plans domestic plans adopted by the Soviet Union in the 1930s to target industrial and agricultural output goals that were usually unrealistic flapper woman of the 1920s who embraced an independent lifestyle while wearing shorter skirts and hairstyles gold standard a monetary system in which the value of a country’s currency is tied directly to the value of gold gross domestic product (GDP) the value of all the goods and services a country produces in one year Irish Free State a state formed by the twenty-six southern counties in Ireland and later called Ireland Kellogg-Briand Pact a 1928 treaty signed by more than sixty countries to renounce war as a foreign policy tool League of Nations a multinational organization created by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles to promote the goal of collective security mandate system a system in which control of an area was transferred from one government to another under the oversight of the League of Nations New Deal a U.S. program of economic reform under Franklin Roosevelt that created work-relief programs New Economic Policy (NEP) Lenin’s policy that introduced some aspects of capitalism in response to hardships and growing discontent among the Russian people New Negro movement a movement that developed in the 1920s as African Americans agitated for increased civil rights Pan-African movement a movement based on the idea that all people in Africa could work together to achieve greater independence reparations monetary payments to be made to the Allied nations by Germany to compensate for destruction they suffered in the war Salt March a two-hundred-mile march led by Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi in India in 1930 to protest the British prohibition on collecting salt and the heavy taxes on its purchase Schutzstaffel (SS) German Nazi paramilitary organization designed for security and intimidation Sinn Féin a political party organized in 1905 that argued for greater sovereignty for Ireland socialist realism an artistic movement in the Soviet Union that took the worker as a subject and was about patriotism as much as art suffragist a person who protested in favor of women’s right to vote totalitarianism a form of government in which the state controls all aspects of a person’s life Treaty of Versailles a 1919 treaty that formally ended World War I, redrew the map of Europe, and created the League of Nations Assessments Review Questions 1. What group or group did the Palmer Raids in the Un