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Preface
Introduction to the A7000 Textbook
1.0 Introduction
1.1 The Nature of Astronomy
1.2 The Nature of Science
1.3 The Laws of Nature
1.4 Numbers in Astronomy
1.5 Consequences of Light Travel Time
1.6 A Tour of the Universe
1.7 The Universe on the Large Scale
1.8 The Universe of the Very Small
1.9 A Conclusion and a Beginning
8.0 Thinking Ahead
8.1 The Global Perspective
8.2 Earth’s Crust
8.3 Earth’s Atmosphere
8.4 Life, Chemical Evolution, and Climate Change
8.5 Cosmic Influences on the Evolution of Earth
2.0 Thinking Ahead
2.1 The Sky Above
2.2 Ancient Astronomy Around the World
2.3 Astronomy of the First Nations of Canada
2.4 Ancient Babylonian, Greek and Roman Astronomy
2.5 Astrology and Astronomy
2.6 The Birth of Modern Astronomy – Copernicus and Galileo
2.7 For Further Exploration, Websites
2.8 Collaborative Group Activities
2.9 Questions and Exercises
3.0 Thinking Ahead
3.1 The Laws of Planetary Motion
3.2 Newton’s Great Synthesis
3.3 Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation
3.4 Orbits in the Solar System
3.5 Motions of Satellites and Spacecraft
3.6 Gravity with More Than Two Bodies
3.7 For Further Exploration
3.7 Collaborative Group Activities
3.8 Questions and Exercises
4.0 Thinking Ahead
4.1 Earth and Sky
4.2 The Seasons
4.3 Keeping Time
4.4 The Calendar
4.5 Phases and Motions of the Moon
4.6 Ocean Tides and the Moon
4.7 Eclipses of the Sun and Moon
7.0 Thinking Ahead
7.1 Overview of Our Planetary System
7.2 Composition and Structure of Planets
7.3 Dating Planetary Surfaces
7.4 Origin of the Solar System
9.0 Thinking Ahead
9.1 General Properties of the Moon
9.2 The Lunar Surface
9.3 Impact Craters
9.4 The Origin of the Moon
9.5 Mercury
9.6 Key Concepts and Summary, Further Explorations
9.7 Collaborative Group Activities and Exercises
10.0 Thinking Ahead
10.1 The Nearest Planets: An Overview
10.2 The Geology of Venus
10.3 The Massive Atmosphere of Venus
10.4 The Geology of Mars
10.5 Water and Life on Mars
10.6 Divergent Planetary Evolution
10.7 Collaborative Group Activities and Exercises
11.0 Thinking Ahead
11.1 Exploring the Outer Planets
11.2 The Giant Planets
11.3 Atmospheres of the Giant Planets
12.0 Thinking Ahead
12.1 Ring and Moon Systems Introduced
12.2 The Galilean Moons of Jupiter
12.3 Titan and Triton
12.4 Pluto and Charon
12.5 Planetary Rings
12.6 Summary, Further Exploration, Websites
12.7 Collaborative Group Activities and Exercises
13.2 Asteroids and Planetary Defense
13.3 The “Long-Haired” Comets
13.4 The Origin and Fate of Comets and Related Objects
13.5 Key Concepts and Summary, Further Explorations, Websites
13.6 Collaborative Group Activities and Exercises
13.0 Thinking Ahead
13.1 Asteroids
14.0 Thinking Ahead
14.2 Meteorites: Stones from Heaven
14.3 Formation of the Solar System
14.4 Comparison with Other Planetary Systems
14.5 Planetary Evolution
14.6 Collaborative