Topic 1 – Types of Views, Lines, and Symbols
Architects can use several types of views to depict a building, each of which has a unique purpose and set of information.
A pictoral view is drawn with perspective, meaning lines converge on the vanishing point. The drawback of this drawing is that lines get smaller the further away they are from the viewer to create a perception of distance. Pictoral views and presentations drawings can be artistic in nature and are used more for marketing purposes
Multiview drawings are useful for building because they contain measurements and other physical information. There are three types: plan, elevation, section, and details.
A plan view is further subdivided into types:
Plot plan
Foundation plan
Floor plan
Framing plan
Elevation drawings show the shape and size of exterior vertical finishings. These also can be used to describe kitchen and bathroom cabinet layouts.
Section view details part of another view. The section reference line indicates what part of the view is being detailed
Details views are used for intricate or complicated construction. They are drawn at a larger scale to clearly depict every dimension or detail.
A schedule is an attached document which gives detailed information about some repetitive aspects of a plan. For example, a particular door and frame in a commercial building may be used one hundred times. Rather than detailing the door on the plan each time, the door is referenced to a schedule. The details for that particular application are listed once in the schedule.
For details and drawings, refer to the textbook, Carpentry
“Architectural Plans”
“Types of Views”
“Schedules”
Types of Views
They way objects are drawn on a print follow three particular views.
They are:
Oblique
Isometric
Orthographic
Oblique- this drawing has the front of the object drawn along a horizontal base line square to the page. Usually, the largest side showing the most detail is selected for the front view. The side is drawn receding back at an angle of 45 degrees
Isometric – An isometric drawing has three base lines, one vertical at 90° to the horizontal, and two at 30° to the horizontal. Contours of the object recede to the left and to the right
Perspective – Perspective drawings are the most realistic to look at, but the hardest to draw. The angled lines in the drawing are not parallel they meet at a vanishing point if extended far enough. Some drawings may have only one vanishing point, while others may have two vanishing points
Orthographic projection – An orthographic drawing is a two-dimensional view showing a side of an object viewed directly at 90°. Orthographic drawings are flat views so they don’t show any depth. When viewing a drawing of a house each elevation is shown in a separate orthographic view.
Types of Lines
Scales
Scales are proportional representations between the blueprint and the actual construction. Throughout a set of blueprints different scales will be used. Smaller features are drawn