Chapter 18 – Review
18.1 – Redox Reactions and Oxidation Numbers
- Determine the oxidation states of the elements in the following compounds:
- NaI
- GdCl3
- LiNO3
- H2Se
- Mg2Si
- RbO2, rubidium superoxide
- HF
- Determine the oxidation states of the elements in the compounds listed. None of the oxygen-containing compounds are peroxides or superoxides.
- H3PO4
- Al(OH)3
- SeO2
- KNO2
- In2S3
- P4O6
Check Answer: [1]
- Determine the oxidation states of the elements in the compounds listed. None of the oxygen-containing compounds are peroxides or superoxides.
- H2SO4
- Ca(OH)2
- BrOH
- ClNO2
- TiCl4
- NaH
- Determine which elements are oxidized and which are reduced in the following reactions:
- 2Na(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2(g)
- Mg(s) + Cl2(g) → MgCl2(aq)
- K3P(s) + 2O2(g) → K3PO4(s)
Check Answer: [2]
- Identify the atoms that are oxidized and reduced, the change in oxidation state for each, and the oxidizing and reducing agents in each of the following equations:
- Mg(s) + NiCl2(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + Ni(s)
- PCl3(l) + Cl2(g) → PCl5(s)
- C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
- Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)
- 2K2S2O3(s) + I2(s) → 2K2S4O6(s) + 2KI(s)
18.2 – Balancing Redox Reactions
- Complete and balance each of the following half-reactions (steps 2–5 in half-reaction method):
- Sn4+(aq) → Sn2+(aq)
- [Ag(NH3)2]+(aq) → Ag(s) + NH3(aq)
- Hg2Cl2(s) → Hg(l) + Cl−(aq)
- H2O(l) → O2(g) (in acidic solution)
- IO3−(aq) → I2(s)
- SO32−(aq) → SO42−(aq) (in acidic solution)
- MnO4−(aq) → Mn2+(aq) (in acidic solution)
- Cl−(aq) → ClO3−(aq) (in basic solution)Check Answer: [3]
- Complete and balance each of the following half-reactions (steps 2–5 in half-reaction method):
- Cr2+(aq) → Cr3+(aq)
- Hg(l) + Br−(aq) → HgBr42−(aq)
- ZnS(s) → Zn(s) + S2−(aq)
- H2(g) → H2O(l) (in basic solution)
- H2(g) → H3O+(aq) (in acidic solution)
- NO3−(aq) → HNO2(aq) (in acidic solution)
- MnO2(s) → MnO4−(aq) (in basic solution)
- Cl−(aq) → ClO3−(aq) (in acidic solution)
- Balance each of the following equations according to the half-reaction method:
- Sn2+(aq) + Cu2+(aq) → Sn4+(aq) + Cu+(aq)
- H2S(g) + Hg22+(aq) → Hg(l) + S(s) (in acid)
- CN−(aq) + ClO2(aq) → CNO−(aq) + Cl−(aq) (in acid)
- Fe2+(aq) + Ce4+(aq) → Fe3+(aq) + Ce3+(aq)
- HBrO(aq) → Br−(aq) + O2(g) (in acid)
Check Answer: [4]
- Balance each of the following equations according to the half-reaction method:
- Zn(s) + NO3−(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + N2(g) (in acid)
- Zn(s) + NO3−(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + NH3(aq) (in base)
- CuS(s) + NO3−(aq) → Cu2+ + S(s) + NO(g) (in acid)
- NH3(aq) + O2(g) → NO2(g) (gas phase)
- Cl2(g) + OH−(aq) → Cl−(aq) + ClO3−(aq) (in base)
- H2O2(aq) + MnO4−(aq) → Mn2+(aq) + O2(g) (in acid)
- NO2(g) → NO3−(aq) + NO2−(aq) (in base)
- Fe3+(aq) + I−(aq) → Fe2+(aq) + I2(aq)
- Balance each of the following equations according to the half-reaction method:
- MnO4−(aq) + NO2−(aq) → MnO2(s) + NO3−(aq) (in base)
- MnO42−(aq) → MnO4−(aq) + MnO2(s) (in base)
- Br2(l) + SO2(g) → Br−(aq) + SO42−(aq) (in acid)
Check Answer