Chapter 15 – Review
15.1 Salts
- Explain how a salt is formed.
Check answers: [1] - What salt will form when you combine hydrobromic acid and lithium hydroxide?
Check answers: [2] - What salt will form when you combine sulfuric acid, H2SO4, and sodium hydroxide?
Check answers: [3]
15.2 Electrolytes
- Differentiate between strong and weak electrolytes.
Check Answers: [4] - Explain why the ions Na+ and Cl− are strongly solvated in water but not in hexane, a solvent composed of nonpolar molecules. Check Answer: [5]
- Explain why solutions of HBr in benzene (a nonpolar solvent) are nonconductive, while solutions in water (a polar solvent) are conductive.
- Consider the solutions presented:
- Which of the following sketches, shown in the figure below, best represents the ions in a solution of Fe(NO3)3(aq)?
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Write a balanced chemical equation showing the products of the dissolution of Fe(NO3)3.
Check Answer: [6]
- Which of the following sketches, shown in the figure below, best represents the ions in a solution of Fe(NO3)3(aq)?
- Compare the processes that occur when methanol (CH3OH), hydrogen chloride (HCl), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dissolve in water. Write equations and prepare sketches showing the form in which each of these compounds is present in its respective solution.
- What is the expected electrical conductivity of the following solutions?
- NaOH(aq)
- HCl(aq)
- C6H12O6(aq) (glucose)
- NH3(l)
Check Answer: [7]
- Why are most solid ionic compounds electrically nonconductive, whereas aqueous solutions of ionic compounds are good conductors? Would you expect a liquid (molten) ionic compound to be electrically conductive or nonconductive? Explain.
- Indicate the most important type of intermolecular attraction responsible for solvation in each of the following solutions:
- the solutions in Figure 14.2c
- methanol, CH3OH, dissolved in ethanol, C2H5OH
- methane, CH4, dissolved in benzene, C6H6
- the polar halocarbon CF2Cl2 dissolved in the polar halocarbon CF2ClCFCl2
- O2(l) in N2(l)
Check Answer: [8]
15.3 Precipitation Reactions
- What are the general characteristics that help you recognize double replacement reactions?
Check Answers: [9] - What are the general characteristics that help you recognize a precipitation reaction?
Check Answers: [10] - Assuming that the following is a precipitation reaction, determine the products (and identify their phases, aq or s) and write the balanced chemical equation.
Zn(NO3)2 + NaOH → ?
Check Answers: [11] - Assuming that the following is a precipitation reaction, determine the products (and identify their phases, aq or s) and write the balanced chemical equation.
MgCl2 + NaOH →
Check Answers: [12] - Use the solubility table to predict if the following double replacement reaction will occur and, if so, write a balanced chemical equation. Pb(NO3)2 + KBr → ?
Check Answers: [13] - Use the solubility table to predict if the following double replacement reaction will occur and, if so, write a balanced chemical e