1 Students, learning disorders and inclusive education in Haiti: A review of the
1 Students, learning disorders and inclusive education in Haiti: A review of the literature
Nathalis Wamba
| Abstract/Rezime
Several studies have been conducted on disability and impairment, but the review of the literature shows that the inclusive education is almost nonexistent in Haiti. Some dominant schools with skilled teachers on special education have been in place while the number of children, with disabilities are increased. The Haitian constitution supports the idea that individuals with disabilities shall have the means to ensure their autonomy, education and independence. However, there are no policies and political structures in place to provide adequate education for all children, let alone those with disabilities. This article is presenting a literature review of the contributions made to inclusive education in order to understand the place of this practice in research. Keywords: student, disability, deficiency, inclusion, education, law
Anpil travay rechèch fèt sou andikap ak tout kalte defisyans, men travay ki egziste yo moutre ke edikasyon enkliziv la pa preske egziste an Ayiti. Konstitisyon ak lwa ayisyen yo garanti dwa pou tout moun andikape e pwopoze mwayen pou asire otonomi, ledikasyon ak lendepandans yo. Men manke volonte politik ak mwayen pou bay tout timoun yon edikasyon adekwa, menm sila yo k gen defisyans. Atik sa a ap prezante yon revi literati sou travay ki fèt sou ledikasyon enkliziv yo, yon fason pou nou konprann plas pratik sa nan rechèch la.
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Introduction
This review of literature is the outgrowth of a project undertaken in 2018 by the Groupe d’Initiative pour l’Étude de la Cognition du Langage, de l’Apprentissage et des Troubles (GIECLAT) and Langues, Société, Éducation (LangSÉ) entitled “Students with disabilities and pedagogical practices of teachers in three regions of Haiti” funded by the United States Agency of International Development (USAID).
This literature review focuses on scholarship concerning students with disabilities and inclusive education produced from 2010 to 2020. Before we get there, however, let me familiarize the reader with the geographic location of Haiti. Haiti, officially the Republic of Haiti, is located on the island of Hispaniola, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Hispaniola is situated in the Greater Archipelago of the Caribbean Sea. The country is located to the east of Cuba and Jamaica and south of the Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands. To the southwest lies the Island of Navassa. The population of Haiti is estimated at 11.1 million people living on 27,750 square kilometers.
The years 2010 and 2016 will forever mark the memory of Haitians after an earthquake and a violent hurricane left visible and invisible scars on buildings, road infrastructures and people. The 7.0 magnitude earthquake left 300,000 people injured, 1.3 million people displaced, 97,2294 houses destroyed, and 188,383 houses damaged in the capital and in the southern region of the country. It is