124 Oppositional Defiant Disorder (313.81)
- Classifed as an externalizing disorder
DSM-IV-TR criteria
- A pattern of negativism, hostile, and defiant behavior lasting at least 6 months, during which four (or more) of the following are present:
- (1) often loses temper
- (2) often argues with adults
- (3) often actively defies or refuses to comply with adults’ requests or rules
- (4) often deliberately annoys people
- (5) often blames others for his or her mistakes or misbehavior
- (6) is often touchy or easily annoyed by others
- (7) is often angry and resentful
- (8) is often spiteful or vindictive
- Note: Consider a criterion met only if the behavior occurs more frequently than is typically observed in individuals of comparable age and developmental level.
- More diagnostic information can be found on the following link from the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry: AACAP
- The disturbance in behavior causes clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning. http://www.wikispaces.com/_/ad4b0f60/i/c.gif
- The behaviors do not occur exclusively during the course of a Psychotic or Mood Disorder.
- Criteria are not met for Conduct Disorder, and, if the individual is age 18 years or older, criteria are not met for Antisocial Personality Disorder.
- Recurrent pattern of negativeistic, defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior towards authority figures.
- Occurs ouside of normal developmental levels and lead to impairment in functioning.
Peers
Children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) have substantially impaired relationships with parents, teachers, and peers. These children are not only impaired in comparison with their peers, scoring more than two standard deviations below the mean on rating scales for social adjustment, but they also show greater social impairment than do children with bipolar disorder, major depression, and multiple anxiety disorders. When compared with oppositional defiant disorder, only conduct disorder and pervasive developmental disorder had nonstatistical differences in social adjustments.
Associated features
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is characterized by hostile and defiant behaviors, such as negativity, defiance, hostility, frequent outbursts of rage, an excessive need to argue and swear, avoidance, and disobedience that begin by age six and is followed by Conduct Disorder (CD) that has an early onset around age nine. Those who develop CD in adolescence have problems that persist through adolescence, but are not seen in adulthood. These children seem to be most comfortable when pushing the boundaries of familiar territory.
According to the DSM-TR-IV, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is more common in households where the child’s upbringing has been very inconsistent or even neglectful and tends to shift into the school environment. The child’s caregiver might also change often during their life. Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) might also h