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License: Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) Attribution: Taking ADDIE on vacation by Shannon Tipton
An instructional designer must have a sound foundation in both learning theory and instructional design models in order to apply each of these areas into any assigned project. The ADDIE model is perhaps the most commonly used instructional design model. We have briefly discussed some general principles of instructional design in Chapter 2 of this text. In this chapter, we consider the benefits and limitations of the ADDIE and strategies for planning and building a strong foundation of course design.
Learning Objectives
- Identify, discuss and apply each stage of the ADDIE model.
- Discuss the benefits and limitations of the ADDIE model.
- Identify the primary considerations for planning an online course.
- Apply the planning phase to your own course design context.
The ADDIE
ADDIE stands for; Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. Most of your projects will incorporate these procedures.
Analyse
In this stage, identification of all the variables that need to be considered when designing the course, such as; learner characteristics, learners’ prior knowledge, resources available, learning environment, etc. are all considered prior to beginning the design process.
Design
This stage focuses on identifying the learning objectives for the course and how materials will be created and designed (for instance, it may include describing what content areas are to be covered and a storyboard outlining what will be covered in text, audio and video and in what order), and deciding on the selection and use of technology, such as an LMS, video or social media;
Develop
The creation of content, including whether to develop in-house or outsource, copyright clearance for third party materials, loading of content into a web site or LMS, and so on;
Implement
This is the actual delivery of the course, including any prior training or briefing of learner support staff, and student assessment;
Evaluate
Feedback and data is collected in order to identify areas that require improvement and this feeds into the design, development and implementation of the next iteration of the course.
Where is the ADDIE used?
This is a design model used by many professional instructional designers for technology-based teaching. ADDIE has been almost a standard for professionally developed, high quality distance education programs, whether print-based or online. It is also heavily used in corporate e-learning and training. There are many variations on this model. The model is mainly applied on an iterative basis, with evaluation leading to re-analysis and further design and development modifications. One reason for the widespread use of the ADDIE model is that it is extremely valuable for large and complex teaching designs. ADDIE’s roots go back to the Second World War and derive from system design, which was developed to manage the hugely complex Normandy landing