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Appendix A. Useful Information
Appendix A. Useful Information
Lumen Learning
- Table 1, Important Constants
- Table 2, Submicroscopic Masses
- Table 3, Solar System Data
- Table 4, Metric Prefixes for Powers of Ten and Their Symbols
- Table 5, The Greek Alphabet
- Table 6, SI units
- Table 7, Selected British Units
- Table 8, Other Units
- Table 9, Useful Formulae
| Table 1. Important Constants[1] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Symbol | Meaning | Best Value | Approximate Value |
| c | Speed of light in vacuum | 2.99792458 × 108 m/s | 3.00 × 108 m/s |
| G | Gravitational constant | 6.67384(80) × 10−11 N · m2/kg2 | 6.67 × 10−11 N · m2/kg2 |
| NA | Avogadro’s number | 6.02214129(27) × 1023 | 6.02 × 1023 |
| k | Boltzmann’s constant | 1.3806488(13) × 10−23 J/K | 1.38 × 10−23 J/K |
| R | Gas constant | 8.3144621(75) J/mol · K | 8.31 J/mol · K = 1.99 cal/mol · K = 0.0821 atm · L/mol · K |
| σ | Stefan-Boltzmann constant | 5.670373(21) × 10−8 W/m2 · K | 5.67 × 10−8 W/m2 · K |
| k | Coulomb force constant | 8.987551788… × 109 N · m2/C2 | 8.99 × 109 N · m2/C2 |
| qe | Charge on electron | −1.602176565(35) × 10−19 C | −1.60 × 10−19 C |
| ε0 | Permittivity of free space | 8.854187817… × 10−12 C2/N · m2 | 8.85 × 10−12 C2/N · m2 |
| µ0 | Permeability of free space | 4π × 10−7 T · m/A | 1.26 × 10−6 T · m/A |
| h | Planck’s constant | 6.62606957(29) × 10−34 J · s | 6.63 × 10−34 J · s |
| Table 2. Submicroscopic Masses[2] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Symbol | Meaning | Best Value | Approximate Value |
| me | Electron mass | 9.10938291(40) × 10−31 kg | 9.11 × 10−31 kg |
| mp | Proton mass | 1.672621777(74) × 10−27 kg | 1.6726 × 10−27 kg |
| mn | Neutron mass | 1.674927351(74) × 10−27 kg | 1.6749 × 10−27 kg |
| u | Atomic mass unit | 1.660538921(73) × 10−27 kg | 1.6605 × 10−27 kg |
| Table 3. Solar System Data | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sun | mass | 1.99 × 1030 kg |
| average radius | 6.96 × 108 m | |
| Earth-sun distance (average) | 1.496 × 1011 m | |
| Earth | mass | 5.9736 × 1024 kg |
| average radius | 6.376 × 106 m | |
| orbital period | 3.16 × 107 s | |
| Moon | mass | 7.35 × 1022 kg |
| average radius | 1.74 × 106 m | |
| orbital period (average) | 2.36 × 106 s | |
| Earth-moon distance (average) | 3.84 × 108 m |
| Table 4. Metric Prefixes for Powers of Ten and Their Symbols | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prefix | Symbol | Value | Prefix | Symbol | Value |
| tera | T | 1012 | deci | d | 10−1 |
| giga | G | 109 | centi | c | 10−2 |
| mega | M | 106 | milli | m | 10−3 |
| kilo | k | 103 | micro | µ | 10−6 |
| hecto | h | 102 | nano | n | 10−9 |
| deka | da | 101 | pico | p | 10−12 |
| — | — | 100 (= 1) | femto | f | 10−15 |
| Table 5. The Greek Alphabet | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha | Α | α | Eta | Η | η | Nu | Ν | ν |
| Beta | Β | β | Tau | Τ | τ | Theta | Θ | θ |
| Xi | Ξ | ξ | Upsilon | Υ | υ | Gamma | Γ | γ |
| Iota | Ι | ι | Omicron | Ο | ο | Phi | φ | ϕ |
| Delta | Δ | δ | Kappa | Κ | κ | Pi | Π | π |
| Chi | Χ | χ | Epsilon | Ε | ε | Lambda | Λ | λ |
| Rho | Ρ | ρ