History of Western Civilization II
About This Book
1 The Enlightenment 19.1: The Enlightenment 19.1.1: Introduction to the Enlightenment The Enlightenment, a philosophical movement that dominated in Europe during the 18th century, was centered around the idea that reason is the primary source of authority and legitimacy, and advocated such ideals as liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional government, and separation of church and state. Learning Objective Explain the main ideas of the Age of Enlightenment Key Points - The Enlight
| Category | humanities |
|---|---|
| Subject | History |
| Year | 2023 |
| Authors | |
| Chapters | 158 |
| Word Count | |
| Price | |
| License | Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Chapters
- 1 The Enlightenment
- 2 Rationalism
- 3 Natural Rights
- 5 Portuguese Explorers
- 6 Spanish Exploration
- 10 Physics and Mathematics
- 12 The Medical Renaissance
- 13 Enlightenment Thinkers
- 15 Baron de Montesquieu
- 16 Voltaire
- 20 The Age of Enlightenment
- 21 Scientific Exploration
- 25 Frederick the Great
- 26 Prussia Under Frederick the Great
- 28 The Holy Roman Empire
- 32 The Seven Years’ War
- 33 Events of the Seven Years’ War
- 34 A Global War
- 35 The Treaty of Paris (1763)
- 36 Elizabeth I of Russia
- 38 From German Princess to Russian Tsarina
- 39 Catherine’s Domestic Policies
- 40 Catherine the Great’s Foreign Policies
- 44 France’s Fiscal Woes
- 45 Taxes and the Three Estates
- 47 The American Revolution
- 48 Louis XVI’s Early Years
- 50 The New Royals and Their People
- 51 Efforts at Financial Reform
- 52 The Beginning of Revolution
- 53 Establishment of the National Assembly
- 54 The Storming of the Bastille
- 57 Constitutional Monarchy
- 58 Politics within the Revolutionaries
- 60 Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette’s Attempts to Escape
- 63 Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety
- 64 The National Convention
- 65 The Thermidorian Reaction
- 66 Structure of the Directory
- 68 The Transition to Dictatorship
- 69 Napoleon’s Military Record
- 70 Napoleon’s Marriage to Josephine
- 71 The First Consul
- 72 Early Wars with Austria and Britain
- 74 Napoleon’s Government
- 76 The Concordat of 1801
- 77 The Napoleonic Code
- 78 The French Empire
- 79 The Confederation of the Rhine
- 83 Napoleon’s Marriage to Marie-Louise
- 84 Napoleon’s Defeat
- 85 Invasion of Russia
- 86 The Fall of Paris
- 92 Diplomatic Consequences of the Congress of Vienna
- 93 France after 1815
- 94 Charles X and the July Revolution
- 96 The Second French Republic
- 98 Russia after Napoleon
- 100 The Decembrist Revolt
- 103 The 1861 Emancipation of the Serfs
- 104 German Unification
- 105 Toward a German Identity
- 106 The German Revolutions of 1848
- 107 Otto von Bismarck and the Franco-Prussian War
- 108 The German Empire
- 110 New Agricultural Tools
- 111 The Enclosure Act
- 112 Effects of the Agricultural Revolution
- 114 Technological Developments in Textiles
- 115 The First Factories
- 118 The Spread of Steam Power
- 119 Iron Making
- 121 Steel Production
- 122 Innovations in Transportation
- 125 Social Change
- 128 Child Labor
- 130 The Century of Peace
- 131 Diplomacy in the 19th Century
- 132 The World Fairs
- 133 The Coming of War
- 135 The Balkan Powder Keg
- 137 Events of World War I
- 140 Trench Warfare
- 141 The End of World War I
- 142 The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
- 145 The Treaty of Versailles
- 146 Wilson’s Fourteen Points
- 147 The Final Treaty
- 148 The League of Nations
- 149 The First Modern War
- 152 The Weimar Republic
- 154 The Kellogg-Briand Pact
- 155 The Russian Revolution
- 156 Rising Discontent in Russia
- 159 The Russian Civil War
- 160 Formation of the Soviet Union
- 161 The Great Depression
- 164 Fascism
- 166 Franco’s Spain
- 167 The Decline of European Democracy
- 168 Hitler and the Third Reich
- 174 Italy Under Mussolini
- 175 Japanese Expansion
- 177 France at the End of the Interwar Period
- 178 The United Kingdom and Appeasement
- 179 American Isolationism
- 182 Dunkirk and Vichy France
- 183 The European Front
- 185 Operation Barbarossa
- 186 The Holocaust
- 188 The Battle of Midway
- 189 The Guadalcanal Campaign
- 190 The Allies Gain Ground
- 191 The North African Front
- 193 The Tehran Conference
- 194 The End of the War
- 195 The Yalta Conference
- 196 The Allied Push to Berlin
- 197 Okinawa and Iwo Jima
- 199 The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- 200 Impact of War World II
- 204 The Beginning of the Cold War
- 206 The Iron Curtain
- 211 Containment
- 212 The Marshall Plan and Molotov Plan
- 213 The Berlin Blockade
- 216 The Space Race
- 218 The Propaganda War
- 219 Crisis Points of the Cold War
- 220 The Hungarian Uprising
- 221 The Korean War
- 223 The Cuban Missile Crisis
- 224 European Unification
- 225 The European Economic Community
- 226 The European Union
- 227 Fall of the Soviet Union
- 228 Gorbachev and Perestroika
- 231 Dissolution of the USSR
- 232 The Ottoman Empire
- 233 European Influence on the Ottomans
- 237 The United Kingdom in the Middle East
- 240 Israel and Palestine
- 246 Jordan
- 247 The Emirates of the Arabian Peninsula
- 248 OPEC
- 249 Iran
- 251 The Islamic Republic of Iran
- 252 The Iran-Iraq War
- 253 Afghanistan
- 254 Rise of Anti-Soviet Sentiment
- 255 The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
- 256 The United States and the Mujahideen
- 257 Emergence of Extremism
- 258 Module Overview
- 260 Module Overview
- 261 Module Overview
- 266 Module Overview