Chapter 3 Describing Movement in Two Dimensions, 2-D Linear Kinematics (26/45) -- Introduction to Biomechanics

Chapter 3 Describing Movement in Two Dimensions, 2-D Linear Kinematics Glossary 3.1 Kinematics in Two Dimensions - vector - a quantity that has both magnitude and direction; an arrow used to represent quantities with both magnitude and direction resultant- the vector sum of two or more vector quantities. - 3.2 Adding and Subtracting Vectors: Graphical - component (of a 2-d vector) - a piece of a vector that points in either the vertical or the horizontal direction; every 2-d vector can be expressed as a sum of two vertical and horizontal vector components - commutative - refers to the interchangeability of order in a function; vector addition is commutative because the order in which vectors are added together does not affect the final sum - direction (of a vector) - the orientation of a vector in space - head (of a vector) - the end point of a vector; the location of the tip of the vector’s arrowhead; also referred to as the “tip” - head-to-tail method - a method of adding vectors in which the tail of each vector is placed at the head of the previous vector - magnitude (of a vector) - the length or size of a vector; magnitude is a scalar quantity - resultant - the sum of two or more vectors - resultant vector - the vector sum of two or more vectors - scalar - a quantity with magnitude but no direction - tail - the start point of a vector; opposite to the head or tip of the arrow - 3.3 Adding and Subtracting Vectors: Algebra - analytical method - the method of determining the magnitude and direction of a resultant vector using the Pythagorean theorem and trigonometric identities 3.4 Projectile Motion - air resistance - a frictional force that slows the motion of objects as they travel through the air; when solving basic physics problems, air resistance is assumed to be zero - kinematics - the study of motion without regard to mass or force - motion - displacement of an object as a function of time - projectile - an object that travels through the air and experiences only acceleration due to gravity - projectile motion - the motion of an object that is subject only to the acceleration of gravity - range - the maximum horizontal distance that a projectile travels - trajectory - the path of a projectile through the air