References
Michelle Holcomb
(2009, October 14). Zachary Christie, first-grader suspended for scouting utensil, returns to school. Nj.com. https://www.nj.com/parenting/guest_bloggers/2009/10/first-grader_suspended_for_sco.html
(2014, August 4). Three Supreme Court Cases That Have Shaped Juvenile Justice. POV. http://archive.pov.org/15tolife/supreme-court-cases/
(2021, September 10). U.S. Immigration Before 1965. History. https://www.history.com/topics/u-s-immigration-before-1965
Benekos, P., & Merlo, A. (2004). Controversies In Juvenile Justice and Delinquency. Anderson Publishing.
Breed v. Jones, 421 U.S. 519 (1975)
Burke, A. (2016). Trends of the Time.
Cox, S., Conrad, J., & Allen, J. (2003). Juvenile Justice: A Guide to Theory and Practice. McGraw Hill Humanities, Social Sciences & World Languages.
Ex Parte Crouse, 4 Wharton 9 (Pa. 1839).
Feld, B. (1999). Bad Kids: Race and the Transformation of the Juvenile Court. Oxford University Press.
Feld, B. (2001). Race, Youth Violence, and the Changing Jurisprudence of Waiver. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 19(1), 3-22.
Feld, B. (2003). The Politics of Race and Juvenile Justice: The ‘Due Process Revolution’ and the Conservative Reaction. Justice Quarterly, (20), 765-800.
Hemmens, C., & Bell, V. (2006). Legislative Waiver Reconsidered: General Deterrent Effects of Statutory Exclusion Laws Enacted Post-1990. Justice Quarterly, 23(1), 34-59.
In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967)
In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358 (1970)
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act. 42 U.S.C. 5601; OJJDP
Kent v. United States, 383 U.S. 541, 86 S,Ct. 1045 (1966).
Krisberg, B., & Austin, J. (1978). History of the Control and Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency in America. In B. Krisberg & J. Austin (Eds.), The Children of Ishmael: Critical Perspective on Juvenile Justice (pp.7-50). Mayfield.
Mennel, R. (1973). Thorns & Thistles: Juvenile Delinquents in the United States from 1825-1940. University Press of New England.
Merlo, A., & Benekos, P. (2019). The Juvenile Justice System, Delinquency, Processing, and the Law (9th ed.). Pearson.
Myers, D. (2001). Excluding Violent Youth From the Juvenile Court: The Effectiveness of Legislative Waiver. LBF Scholarly Press.
(n.d.). A Brief History of the Louisiana Juvenile Courts: 1908-09. The Law Library of Louisiana. https://lasc.libguides.com/c.php?g=484864&p=3321853
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (1998). Juvenile Female Offender: A Status of the State’s Report.
Pathways to Desistance (n.d.). A study of serious adolescent offenders as they transition to adulthood and out of crime. https://www.pathwaysstudy.pitt.edu/index.html
Platt, A. (1977). The Child Savers: The Invention of Delinquency (2nd ed., p. 83). University of Chicago Press.
Raley, G. (1995). The JJDP Act: A Second Look. Juvenile Justice Journal, (2), 11-18.
Restivo, E. (2019, February 14). Stop Putting Juveniles in Solitary Confinement. Daily News. https://www.greensburgdailynews.com/opinion/columns/stop-puttin