143 Key Terms for Psychopathology
- Adaptive information processing model of PTSD
suggests that past trauma can continue to cause emotional distress if the memory of that trauma is not fully processed
ADHD-C
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder with a mix of symptoms in both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive categories.
ADHD-HI
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder with symptoms that primarily fall into the hyperactivity and Impulsivity category. People with ADHD-HI have trouble with impulse control, may display a high level of activity and energy in inappropriate situations, and have relatively fewer symptoms in the inattentive category.
ADHD-PI
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder with symptoms that primarily fall into the inattentive category. People with ADHD-PI have trouble maintaining attention, and have relatively fewer symptoms in the hyperactivity and impulsivity category.
agoraphobia
anxiety disorder characterized by intense fear, anxiety, and avoidance of situations in which it might be difficult to escape if one experiences symptoms of a panic attack
alexithymia
a condition that involves a reduced ability to identify and sense one’s own emotions and the emotions of others
alterations in arousal and reactivity
one of the four categories of PTSD symptoms; include irritability or aggression, increased risk-taking, hyper-vigilance, jumpiness, and difficulty with concentration or sleep
amyloid-beta plaque
an extracellular accumulation of amyloid; thought to be the potential cause or by-product of Alzheimer’s disease
antisocial personality disorder
characterized by a lack of regard for others’ rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds
anxiety disorder
characterized by excessive and persistent fear and anxiety, and by related disturbances in behaviour
applied behavioural analysis
a behavioural modification strategy that involves punishing autistic traits and behaviours that are deemed maladaptive, while rewarding behaviours that are deemed appropriate; this therapy is not accepted by the broader autistic community
- attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- a neurotype characterized by differences and difficulties in attention and emotional and behavioural regulation. This neurotype is often also associated with differences in sensory processing and executive function.
- atypical
- describes behaviours or feelings that deviate from the norm
augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)
techniques and technologies meant to supplement or allow for communication when expressive speech or language is difficult or impossible. AAC includes but isn’t limited to sign languages, text-to-speech devices, and image-based systems like picture cards and communication boards.
autistic burnout
a state resulting from prolonged stress and a mismatch of expectations and abilities without enough accommodation or support. This state is associated with long term fatigue, reduced function, loss of pr