Chapter 5. Socialization
Chapter 5 Resources and Activities
Key Terms
adolescence: A period stretching from puberty to about 18-years-old characterized by the role adjustment from childhood to adulthood.
agency: The ability to choose and act independently of external constraints.
anticipatory socialization: When people prepare for future life roles.
degradation ceremony: The process by which new members of a total institution lose aspects of their old identity and are given new ones.
doing gender: The way people perform tasks based on assigned gender scripts and gendered feedback from significant others.
epigenetics: The study of variations in gene expression under the impact of environmental influences.
game stage: The stage in child development in which children begin to recognize and interact with particular others on the basis of fixed norms and roles.
gender schema: A cognitive picture or abstraction delineating the difference between gender categories that people utilize to guide their behavior and information processing.
generalized other: The common behavioural expectations of general society.
hidden curriculum: The informal teaching done in schools that socializes children to societal norms.
I and me: The two components or phases of the self-reflective self.
interaction ritual: An activity in a bounded situation where there is a mutual focus of attention and a shared emotional experience.
liquid modernity: The fluid and transitory nature of late modern life, which is increasingly fragmented and cut into a succession of ill-connected episodes.
looking glass self: The self or self-image that arises as the reaction to the judgement of others.
mass media: The distribution of impersonal information to a wide audience via television, newspapers, radio, and the internet.
moral career: A standard sequence of changes in a person’s moral capacity to be answerable for their actions.
moral development: The way people learn what is “good” and “bad” in society.
nature: The influence of genetic makeup on self development.
nurture: The role that social environment plays in self development.
peer group: A group made up of people who are similar in age and social status and who share interests.
play stage: A time when children begin to episodically imitate and take on roles that another person might have.
preparatory stage: A time when children are only capable of imitation and have no ability to imagine how others see things.
resocialization: The process by which old behaviours are removed and new behaviours are learned in their place.
rite of passage: A ritual that marks a life cycle transition from a previous status to a new status.
role conflict: When one or more of an individual’s social roles clash.
self: A person’s distinct sense of identity as developed through social interaction.
social expectation: Internalized social norms that define what people should do when they occupy a social role in society.
social role: The behaviour expected of a perso