Import CSV to Update only one column in table

I have a table that looks like this:

products
--------
id, product, sku, department, quantity

There are approximately 800,000 entries in this table. I have received a new CSV file that updates all of the quantities of each product, for example:

productA, 12
productB, 71
productC, 92

So there are approximately 750,000 updates (50,000 products had no change in quantity).

My question is, how do I import this CSV to update only the quantity based off of the product (unique) but leave the sku, department, and other fields alone? I know how to do this in PHP by looping through the CSV and executing an update for each single line but this seems inefficient.