I was testing algorithms and run into this weird behavior, when std::accumulate is faster than a simple for cycle.

Looking at the generated assembler I'm not much wiser :-) It seems that the for cycle is optimized into MMX instructions, while accumulate expands into a loop.

This is the code. The behavior manifests with -O3 optimization level, gcc 4.7.1

#include <vector>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
#include <chrono>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
#include <iostream>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
#include <random>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
#include <algorithm>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
using namespace std;                                                                                                                                                    
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