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I got a raw SQL statement in my views.py Message.objects.raw(''' SELECT s1.ID, s1.CHARACTER_ID, MAX(s1.MESSAGE) MESSAGE, MAX(s1.c) occurrences FROM (SELECT ID, CHARACTER_ID, MESSAGE, COUNT(*) c FROM tbl_message WHERE ts > DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL %s DAY) GROUP BY CHARACTER_ID,MESSAGE) s1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT ID, CHARACTER_ID, MESSAGE, COUNT(*) c FROM tbl_message WHERE ts > DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL %s DAY) GROUP BY CHARACTER_ID,MESSAGE) s2 ON s1.CHARACTER_ID=s2.CHARACTER_ID AND s1.c < s2.c WHERE s2.c IS NULL GROUP BY CHARACTER_ID ORDER BY occurrences DESC''', [days, days]) The result of this SQL statement (tested on database directly) is: ID | CHARACTER_ID | MESSAGE | OCCURENCES ----+--------------+---------+-------------- 148 | 10 | test | 133 But all I got is a InvalidQuery Exception with the information Raw query must include the primary key Then I double checked the docs and read: There is only one field that you can’t leave out - the primary key field....An InvalidQuery exception will be raised if you forget to include the primary key. As you can see I got the requested primary key added in my statement. What's wrong? class Message(models.Model): character = models.ForeignKey('Character') message = models.TextField() location = models.ForeignKey('Location') ts = models.DateTimeField() class Meta: pass def __unicode__(self): return u'%s: %s...' % (self.character, self.message[0:20])

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