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I recently had a nasty issue getting Windows Authentication to work on a local instance of IIS 7.5 (Windows 7 Pro) to an ASP.net 4.0 site. I followed the basic steps. IIS Authentication Disable Anonymous Authentication Enable Windows Authentication Edit web.config <authentication mode="Windows" /> This did a nice job of enabling Windows Authentication but every attempt to login was rejected and ultimately returned a 401.1 error. This is where the problem started. There appear to be many reasons for this that are well documented around the web including here on Stack Overflow. I'd tried: Editing IIS Authentication 'Advanced settings' for Windows Authentication to disable Extended Protection and Kernel-mode authentication Editing IIS Authentication 'Providers' to move NTLM above Negotiate. Editing IIS .NET Authorization Rules to explicity Allow users (and various other combinations). Various IIS command line scripts and tweaks. Various config tweaks in web.config file. Even some file system permissions tweaks. But all to no avail, the dreaded 401.1 remained. This really is a case of "can't see the wood for the trees". None of the solutions I managed to find (call it a case of bad search parameters if you will) worked for me so I thought it worth posting this question to, hopefully, provide a clear answer that's easier to find for anyone suffering the same issue.

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