Can I use jQuery with Node.js?

Yes you can, using a library I created called nodeQuery

var Express = require('express')
    , dnode = require('dnode')
    , nQuery = require('nodeQuery')
    , express = Express.createServer();

var app = function ($) {
    $.on('ready', function () {
        // do some stuff to the dom in real-time
        $('body').append('Hello World');
        $('body').append('<input type="text" />');
        $('input').live('click', function () {
            console.log('input clicked');
            // ...
        });
    });
};

nQuery
    .use(app);

express
    .use(nQuery.middleware)
    .use(Express.static(__dirname + '/public'))
    .listen(3000);

dnode(nQuery.middleware).listen(express);