The optimization would be little compared to network traffic, databases, files, graphics, etc. However, here is a reference on the topic from sitepoint.
http://www.sitepoint.com/high-performance-string-concatenation-in-php/
Which is fastest?
The good news is that PHP5 is quick. I tested version 5.3 and you’re far more likely to run out of memory than experience performance issues. However, the array implode method typically takes twice as long as the standard concatenation operator. A comparable period of time is required to concatenate the string or build the array, but the implode function doubles the effort.
Unsurprisingly, PHP is optimized for string handling and the dot operator will be the fastest concatenation method in most cases.