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<ui:include>Most basic way is <ui:include>. The included content must be placed inside <ui:composition>.
Kickoff example of the master page /page.xhtml:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:f="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/core"
xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html"
xmlns:ui="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/facelets">
<h:head>
<title>Include demo</title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h1>Master page</h1>
<p>Master page blah blah lorem ipsum</p>
<ui:include src="/WEB-INF/include.xhtml" />
</h:body>
</html>
The include page /WEB-INF/include.xhtml (yes, this is the file in its entirety, any tags outside <ui:composition> are unnecessary as they are ignored by Facelets anyway):
<ui:composition
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:f="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/core"
xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html"
xmlns:ui="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/facelets">
<h2>Include page</h2>
<p>Include page blah blah lorem ipsum</p>
</ui:composition>
This needs to be opened by /page.xhtml. Do note that you don't need to repeat <html>, <h:head> and <h:body> inside the include file as that would otherwise result in invalid HTML