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I followed all the answer, all have something missing with all respect.
If you follow these steps you can grow your EBS volume and keep your data (this is not for the root volume). For simplicity I am suggesting to use AWS consule to create snapshot,... you can do that using AWS command line tools too.
We are not touching the root volume here.
Goto your AWS console:
SSH to your instance:
$ sudo fdisk -l
This gives your something like:
Disk /dev/xvdf: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
12 heads, 7 sectors/track, 499321 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xd3a8abe4
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/xvdf1 2048 41943039 20970496 83 Linux
Write down Start and Id values. (in this case 2048 and 83)
Using fdisk ,delete the partition xvdf1 and create a new one that starts exactly from the same block (2048). We will give it the same Id (83):
$ sudo fdisk /dev/xvdf
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
Using default value 1
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039):
Using default value 41943039
Command (