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I have a data frame with columns that, when concatenated (row-wise) as a string, would allow me to partition the data frame into a desired form. > str(data) 'data.frame': 680420 obs. of 10 variables: $ A : chr "2011-01-26" "2011-01-26" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-09" ... $ B : chr "2011-01-26" "2011-01-27" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-10" ... $ C : chr "2011-01-26" "2011-01-26" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-09" ... $ D : chr "AAA" "AAA" "BCB" "CCC" ... $ E : chr "A00001" "A00002" "B00002" "B00001" ... $ F : int 9 9 37 37 37 37 191 191 191 191 ... $ G : int NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA ... $ H : int 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ... For each row, I would like to concatenate the data in columns F, E, D, and C into a string (with the underscore character as separator). Below is my unsuccessful attempt at this: data$id <- sapply(as.data.frame(cbind(data$F,data$E,data$D,data$C)), paste, sep="_") And below is the undesired result: > str(data) 'data.frame': 680420 obs. of 10 variables: $ A : chr "2011-01-26" "2011-01-26" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-09" ... $ B : chr "2011-01-26" "2011-01-27" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-10" ... $ C : chr "2011-01-26" "2011-01-26" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-09" ... $ D : chr "AAA" "AAA" "BCB" "CCC" ... $ E : chr "A00001" "A00002" "B00002" "B00001" ... $ F : int 9 9 37 37 37 37 191 191 191 191 ... $ G : int NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA ... $ H : int 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ... $ id : chr [1:680420, 1:4] "9" "9" "37" "37" ... ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2 .. ..$ : NULL .. ..$ : chr "V1" "V2" "V3" "V4" Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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