I just read about the Stanford Javascript Crypto Library (jsfiddle example) which supports SHA256, AES, and other standard encryption schemes entirely in javascript. The library seems very nifty, but I don't know of a reasonable use case for it.
As some questions have already pointed out, client side encryption is not a safe way to pass secure data to a server. HTTPS should be used instead. So, are there any projects that would benefit from or require client side encryption?