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I have an observer and I register an after_commit callback. How can I tell whether it was fired after create or update? I can tell an item was destroyed by asking item.destroyed? but #new_record? doesn't work since the item was saved. I was going to solve it by adding after_create / after_update and do something like @action = :create inside and check the @action at after_commit , but it seems that the observer instance is a singleton and I might just override a value before it gets to the after_commit . So I solved it in an uglier way, storing the action in a map based on the item.id on after_create/update and checking its value on after_commit. Really ugly. Is there any other way? Update As @tardate said, transaction_include_action? is a good indication, though it's a private method, and in an observer it should be accessed with #send . class ProductScoreObserver < ActiveRecord::Observer observe :product def after_commit(product) if product.send(:transaction_include_action?, :destroy) ... Unfortunately, the :on option does not work in observers. Just make sure you test the hell of your observers (look for test_after_commit gem if you use use_transactional_fixtures) so when you upgrade to new Rails version you'll know if it still works. (Tested on 3.2.9) Update 2 Instead of Observers I now use ActiveSupport::Concern and after_commit :blah, on: :create works there.

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