The advantages of immutable objects in Java seem clear:

  • consistent state
  • automatic thread safety
  • simplicity

You can favour immutability by using private final fields and constructor injection.

But, what are the downsides to favouring immutable objects in Java?

i.e.

  • incompatibility with ORM or web presentation tools?
  • Inflexible design?
  • Implementation complexities?

Is it possible to design a large-scale system (deep object graph) that predominately uses immutable objects?

java immutability
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