This is a known error in IE8, look at the last bug here:
http://nicolasgallagher.com/css-typography-experiment/demo/bugs.html

Now, playing a bit with a simple example I found this (test it using IE8):
http://jsfiddle.net/AjCPM/

<div id="target">
   <div>div</div>
</div>


#target {
    position: relative;
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    z-index: 1;
}
#target>div{
    background: red; width: 200px; height: 200px;  
    position: relative;
    z-index: 0;
}
#target:before {
    top: 0; left: 10%; width: 100%; height: 100%; background: cyan;
    content: "after";
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 10;
}

IE8 renders the cyan rectangle (the :after) below the red rectangle, even when it has lower z-index.
And now the tricky part:
change the z-index for #target>div from 0 to -1 and voilá ! it's solved !

So I solved my problem now using a lot of z-index: -1;
But I don't feel safe with this.

Do you know a better solution?

I'm using the :after pseudoelement because I have a list of products, and I want to add an image to the the item when it has the class 'sold' for example.
I can create in the server or with JS a new html element for that, but I think using :after is the correct semantic solution.
The problem is that I'm a bit paranoid about the :after pseudoelement now, do you think is better to avoid it?

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